Courts and DUI

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Courts and DUI

Alcohol Interlock Programs: A Global Perspective - Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Alcohol Ignition Interlock Programs
RD Robertson, WGM Vanlaar and DJ Beirness
Published 2006

This report reviews the latest in ignition interlock technology from around the globe, as well as other nations' experiences in the use of ignition interlock devices as a tool against DUI. The topics are presented in a series of articles from a variety of authors. Traffic Injury Research Foundation
Affiliation: Judicial Government Other http://www.trafficinjuryresearch.com/interlock/documents/Summary_of_Papers_from_6th_Interlock_Symposium.pdf
Available online: click here

Digest of Impaired Driving and Selected Beverage Control Laws, 23rd Edition
NHTSA
Published 2006

Provides a listing of state laws dealing with impaired driving and alcohol control issues. Areas covered include the various bases for DUI offenses, chemical testing, DUI adjudication, administrative license revocation, other alcohol-related offenses and dram shop liability. The information is compiled in a consistent format in order to make research easier. www.ntis.gov
Affiliation: Prosecution Defense Judicial Government http://www.ncutlo.org/beveragelaws.pdf
Available online: click here

Alcohol Interlock Programs: Pushing Back the Frontiers / Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Alcohol Ignition Interlock Programs
DJ Beirness and RD Robertson
Published 2005

This resource reviews other nations' experiences with ignition interlock devices as a tool for combating DUI. Through a series of articles, it discusses topics such as the integration of rehabilitation and interlock programs, innovations in interlock programs and testing and certification issues relevant to the technology and devices. www.trafficinjuryresearch.com
Affiliation: Prosecution Judicial Government http://www.trafficinjuryresearch.com/whatNew/documents/Volume9Issue1.pdf
Available online: click here

Guide to Sentencing DWI Offenders, 2nd Edition
NA
Published 2005

This guide is designed to assist judges and prosecutors with the sentencing of repeat DUI offenders in order to reduce recidivism among this type of offender. www.ntis.gov
Affiliation: Prosecution Judicial http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/alcohol/DWIOffenders/index.htm
Available online: click here

DWI Courts and DWI/Drug Courts: Reducing Recidivism, Saving Lives
National Drug Court Institute
Published 2005

Informational on-line article posing the question whether the drug court model can be translated with the same success to the offense of DUI. The article covers the history and success of drug courts and explains both the DUI court model and the theories regarding its success. The piece also gives a helpful list of several currently functioning DUI courts and details several other references and resources which provide more information on DUI courts. www.ndci.org
Affiliation: Prosecution Judicial Government http://www.ndci.org/dwi_drug_court.htm
Available online: click here

Judicial Outreach

An Impact Evaluation of Underage Drinking Prevention Projects
J.H. Lacey, C.H. Wiliszowski and R. K. Jones
Published 2003

This report for NHTSA presents the results of an impact evaluation of four community-based underage drinking prevention projects, located in Chesterfield County, Virginia; Omaha, Nebraska; Salt Lake County, Utah; and Travis County, Texas. The impact evaluation focused on the effect of the programs on proxy measures of alcohol-related crashes among youth.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/research/UnderageDrinkingPrevent/index.html
Available online: click here

Drug Court: A S.T.E.P. in the Right Direction
The 26th Judicial District of North Carolina in Charlotte
Published 2003

This video shows actual court proceedings and treatment team meetings from a DUI Court in North Carolina called the S.T.E.P. program. "S.T.E.P.," which is an acronym for Supervision, Treatment, Education, and Prevention, encourages recovery and aims to break the cycle of addiction, crime, and recidivism typical of DUI offenders. The S.T.E.P. program takes a rehabilitative approach to justice, incorporating intensive treatment, close supervision/case management, weekly drug testing, frequent appearances before the judge, and predictable and escalating sanctions for program violations.
Affiliation: Government http://nasjedui.unm.edu/video_pp/NCVideo.htm
Available online: click here

A Judicial Curriculum on Juvenile DWI and Alcohol & Other Drug Use
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges
Published 2003

This comprehensive curriculum encourages judges to impose appropriate treatment and sanctions on juvenile DWI offenders and to become leaders in the development of community-based prevention and intervention programs. The curriculum includes information on drug and alcohol trends, adolescent development, law enforcement, screening and assessment, dispositions, and engaging the community. In addition to PowerPoint presentations, the curriculum includes a workshop coordinator's guide, lesson plans, participant materials, and a video, "Beyond the Bench," which addresses judges' ethical concerns when engaging in extra-judicial prevention activities. The entire curriculum may be obtained from the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges, P.O. Box 8970, Reno, Nevada, 89507, (775) 784-6012.
Affiliation: Judicial http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/alcohol/juveniledui/part1/page5.html
Available online: click here

Michigan Association of Drug Court Professionals: 4th Annual Conference
Michigan Judicial Institute
Published 2003

In this seminar, judges and drug/DUI court professionals learn about 12-step programs, the use of acupuncture in drug and alcohol treatment, coalition building and collaboration, DUI/sobriety courts, effective sanctions and incntives, psychopharmacology in people with addictions, relapse prevention, and therapeutic jurisprudence. The seminar included lectures, panel discussions, case studies, computer assisted teaching, discussions, exercises, and written materials. For more information, click on the link below or contact the Michigan Judicial Institute, P.O. Box 30205, Lansing, MI 48909, 9517) 373-7607.
Affiliation: Judicial http://courts.michigan.gov/mji/
Available online: click here

Drunk Driving: Seeking Additional Solutions
James H. Hedlund and Anne T. McCartt
Published 2002

This study investigates why drunk driving has not decreased recently and what can be done to reduce it further. Using data from traffic crashes, roadside interviews, telephone surveys, and other research, the authors present a clear picture of impaired driving today and critique various methods used to deter drunk driving.
Affiliation: Other http://www.aaafoundation.org/pdf/DrunkDriving-SeekingAdditionalSolutions.pdf
Available online: click here

State of the Knowledge of Alcohol and Traffic Safety
National Highway Transportation Safety Administration
Published 2002

In order to demonstrate what is known about alcohol, DUI, and the effectiveness of DUI countermeasures, this publication reviews the scientific literature published since 1990 on alcohol related crashes, alcohol's effects on the body and resulting driving impairment, drinking and driving patterns, and programs to deter impaired driving.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/outreach/traftech/tt265.htm
Available online: click here

Strategies for Success--Combating Juvenile DUI: Part III, Support Tools for Building Programs that Work
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and National Highway Transportation Safety Administration
Published 2000

This document is Part III of a four-part series intended to empower criminal justice professionals to take the lead in planning a community-wide coordinated response to alcohol-related delinquency, especially DUI and other traffic offenses. This Part contains policies, procedures, press releases, training materials, and other information a justice official can use to facilitate establishment of a successful juvenile DUI strategy.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/alcohol/juveniledui/part3/index.html
Available online: click here

Strategies for Success--Combating Juvenile DUI: Part II, The Eight Foundation Elements of a Successful DUI Strategy
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency and Prevention and National Highway Transportation Safety Administration
Published 2000

This document is Part II of a four-part series intended to empower criminal justice professionals to take the lead in planning a community-wide coordinated response to alcohol-related delinquency, especially DUI and other traffic offenses. This document describes the need for a community based DUI task force or policy group that will undertake strategic and tactical planning before implementing any programs to deter or respond to juvenile DUI. The publication then reports on a wide variety of actual programs used by police, prosecutors, courts, treatment professionals, and educators, to prevent juvenile DUI before it occurs and to deal with it once it has occurred.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/alcohol/juveniledui/part2/index.html
Available online: click here

Strategies for Success--Combating Juvenile DUI: Part IV, Leadership Roles for Officials
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and National Highway Transportation Safety Administration
Published 2000

This document is the final part of a four-part series intended to empower criminal justice professionals to take the lead in planning a community-wide coordinated response to alcohol-related delinquency, especially DUI. In this Part, a police officer, prosecutor, and judge offer articles focusing on why leadership by these law enforcement and justice officials is essential to implementing any community attack on juvenile DUI. The authors describe approaches they used that were effective in their own communities.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/alcohol/juveniledui/part4/index.html
Available online: click here

Strategies for Success--Combating Juvenile DUI: Part I, Building Programs that Work
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention and National Highway Transportation Safety Aministration
Published 2000

This document is part of a four-part series intended to empower criminal justice professionals to take the lead in planning a community-wide coordinated response to alcohol-related delinquency, especially regarding traffic offenses. This document, Part I of the series, describes overall strategy and specific steps that the police chief executive or other local justice official can use to lead the implementation of components that will work best in the local community.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/alcohol/juveniledui/
Available online: click here

Courage to Live
The National Judicial College
Published 2000

The Courage to Live program is a judicial outreach program designed to combat underage drinking and driving. The program provides judges with teaching tools, resources, and other information they need to discuss the consequences of drinking and driving with young people in school. The program includes a guidebook for judges with model one-day, half-day, and one-hour curricula. For a more detailed description of the program, click on the online link below. To obtain the curriculum, contact the National Judicial College at: Mail Stop 358, Reno, Nevada 89557, or 1-800-255-8343.
Affiliation: Judicial http://www.judges.org/courses/ctl07.html
Available online: click here

Beyond the Bench
Police Executive Research Foundation
Published 1996

This video, which was prepared for NHTSA and the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, addresses the range of extra-judicial juvenile DUI prevention and intervention activities in which judges may ethically participate. The video may be viewed by clicking on the link below. You may obtain a videotape from the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges, P.O. Box 8970, Reno, Nevada, 89507, (775) 784-6012.
Affiliation: Government http://nasje.unm.edu/NHTSA/BTB.htm
Available online: click here

Innovative Systematic Approaches

Continuous Transdermal Alcohol Monitoring: A Practitioner's Guide
Traffic Injury Research Foundation
Published 2007

This second report on transdermal alcohol monitoring provides a framework to assist agencies with the development of policies and practices to apply such technology to monitor offenders who are diagnosed with alcohol issues. It reviews steps associated with implementing a comprehensive supervision system involving continuous transdermal monitoring technology.
Affiliation: Government http://www.trafficinjuryresearch.com/publications/pub_details.cfm?intPublD=237
Available online: click here

Strategies for Addressing DWI Offenders: 10 Promising Sentencing Practices
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Published 2005

This document was produced as a result of the Sentencing Summit held at the National Judicial College in March 2004. It provides innovative sentencing strategies for judges who hear DWI cases, including use of DWI Courts, Staggered Sentencing, Sentencing Circles, Vehicle and License Plate Sanctions, Ignition Interlock Devices, Electronic Monitoring and SCRAM, Victim Impact Panels, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Drug Therapy, and Reentry Courts and Programs.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/enforce/PromisingSentence/pages/index.htm
Available online: click here

Alcohol Interlock Programs: Enhancing Acceptance, Participation and Compliance
Douglas J. Bierness and Robyn D. Robertson
Published 2005

This report provides a summary of the presentations at the 2003 international symposium on alcohol ignition interlock programs. The symposium included sessions on Implementation issues, the Status of Interlock Programs Around the World, Problems and Solutions, Enhancing Acceptance, and Enhancing Participation and Compliance. The report also includes a section outlining some of the common ideas and themes that emerged from discussions in the workshop sessions.
Affiliation: Other http://www.trafficinjuryresearch.com/publications/PDF_publications/Hilton_Head_Proceedings.pdf
Available online: click here

Traffic Safety Courses
The National Judicial College
Published 2004

The National Judicial College offers at least three courses related to DUI for judges: Traffic Issues in the 21st Century, DUI Primer for New Judges: Impaired Driving Case Fundamentals, and Sentencing Motor Vehicle Law Offenders. Information about these course can be found at the link below or by contacting the National Judicial College at Mail Stop 358, Reno, NV. 89557, or 1-800-255-8343.
Affiliation: Judicial http://ndci.org/Catalog20032.pdf
Available online: click here

DUI Drug Courts: Key Components
National Drug Court Institute
Published 2004

Using video footage of actual DUI court proceedings and "team" meetings (with the judge, prosecutor, defense counsel, and probation and treatment staff), these video segments describe the fundamental components of DUI courts, including: integration of treatment into the justice process; a nonadversarial, team approach; extensive judicial involvement with offenders; and predictable sanctions for noncompliance.
Affiliation: Other http://www.nadcp.org/docs/dkeypdf.pdf
Available online: click here

Hardcore Drunk Driving Judicial Guide
National Association of State Judicial Educators
Published 2004

This judicial guide outlines effective strategies and model programs for judges facing hardcore drunk drivers. Emphasizing the need for appropriate sentencing, this publication suggests that judges: recognize high BAC as an indicator of hardcore drunk driving; restrict plea bargaining and diversion programs; mandate alcohol assessments and evaluations; impose meaningful fines; employ the use of vehicle sanctions, ignition interlock devices, and intensive monitoring, supervision, and probation; and avoid substituting community service for harsher sanctions, among other things.
Affiliation: Judicial http://nasje.org/resources/HCDrunk/HCDrunkJudicialGuide.pdf
Available online: click here

The Future of Drug Courts
Center for Court Innovation
Published 2004

This paper looks closely at how several states (Louisiana, Missouri, New York and Ohio) are creating statewide plans to support the ongoing implementation of drug courts and the broad dissemination of drug court principles. The paper offers valuable lessons for anyone interested in how to move from small-scale experiments to system-wide court reform.
Affiliation: Other http://www.courtinnovation.org/publications.html#future
Available online: click here

Initiatives to Address Impaired Driving
National Highway Transportation Safety Administration
Published 2003

This report from NHTSA looks at the safety problems caused by impaired drivers and suggests strategies for reducing driver impairment. Recommended countermeasure strategies include high visibility police, specialized DUI courts, DUI prosecutors, efficient offender processing, strong alcohol control policies and enforcement, and alternative sanctions/limitations on pre-conviction diversion programs. The report also recommends infrastructure initiatives: promoting statewide self-sufficiency in funding, increasing post-crash BAC testing, implementing impaired driving record information systems, establishing state DUI task forces, and enacting comprehensive state DUI legislation.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/alcohol/IPTReport/FinalAlcoholIPT-03.pdf
Available online: click here

Sourcebook - The National Agenda: A System to Fight Hardcore DWI
National Hardcore Drunk Driver Project
Published 2003

This Sourcebook, designed as a comprehensive resource for judges and others in reducing hardcore drunk driving, contains a section on "Swift Identification." It addresses focused enforcement strategies such a blanket patrols, sobriety checkpoints, special license plates, standardized field sobriety tests, preliminary breath tests, passive alcohol sensors, in-car videotaping and public information campaigns. It also covers test refusals, excessive paperwork, insufficient look-back periods, statewide DUI reporting systems, and sharing information across state lines.
Affiliation: Other http://www.dwidata.org/
Available online: click here

Alcohol Interlock as a Condition of License Reinstatement
Douglas J. Beirness and Herb M. Simpson
Published 2003

This report advocates making ignition interlocks a mandatory condition of license reinstatement and recommends that courts consider ignition interlocks as a form of incapacitation (not rehabilitation or punishment), ensure prompt installation after conviction, offer incentives for participation, impose impoundment/immobilization as a sanction for violation, and monitor compliance carefully.
Affiliation: Other http://trafficinjuryresearch.com/publications/PDF_publications/Reinstatement_Report.pdf
Available online: click here

Sourcebook - The National Agenda: A System to Fight Hardcore DWI
National Hardcore Drunk Driver Project
Published 2003

This Sourcebook, designed as a comprehensive resource for judges and others in reducing hardcore drunk driving, contains a section on "Certain Punishment." The section addresses prosecution of DUI cases and issues in adjudication, including test refusal, failure to appear, records, pre-sentence investigations, DWI courts and diversion programs. It also addresses sentencing objectives and factors that influence sentencing, including court monitoring, plea bargaining and judicial DUI seminars. The section covers a range of driver-based sanctions, such as license restrictions, community service, victim impact panels, fines and other financial sanctions, and supervisory and probation programs. It also covers vehicle-based sanctions, including registration cancellation, license plate seizure, immobilization and impoundment.
Affiliation: Other http://dwidata.org/
Available online: click here

DWI System Improvements for Dealing with Hardcore Drinking Drivers: Monitoring
Robyn D. Robertson and Herb M. Simpson
Published 2003

This report is the fourth in a series published by the Traffic Injury Research Foundation that addresses the ways the justice system can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of how it deals with hardcore drunk drivers. The report identifies key problems with the monitoring of hardcore drunk drivers and offers solutions derived from research on how to improve the system.
Affiliation: Other http://www.trafficinjuryresearch.com/publications/PDF_publications/Monitoring_Report.pdf
Available online: click here

Impaired Driving: Drugs & Alcohol: Resource Guide
National Center for State Courts
Published 2003

This module provides resources on drug- and alcohol-related impairment, including resources on DUI laws, attitudes toward DUI, DUI facts, prevention materials, enforcement/prosecution, treatment, and model DUI courts. http://www.ncsconline.org/WC/Publications/KIS_ImpDriGuide.pdf
Available online: click here

Impaired Driving on Trial
Governor's Council on Impaired and Dangerous Driving
Published 2003

Impaired Driving on Trial is a project to aid judges in understanding the science behind impaired driving, in order to more effectively adjudicate impaired drivers. The website is of particular interest to judges because it is guided by judicial feedback about the content, format and usefulness of the site. The web site provides up-to-date information about alcohol and other drugs, judicial sanctioning of impaired drivers, and sentencing of impaired drivers.
Affiliation: Government http://isdt.iusm.iu.edu/IDOT.htm
Available online: click here

DWI System Improvements for Dealing with Hardcore Drinking Drivers: Prosecution
Robyn D. Robertson and Herb M. Simpson
Published 2002

This report is the second in a series published by the Traffic Injury Research Foundation that addresses the ways the justice system can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of how it deals with hardcore drunk drivers. This report identifies key problems with the prosecution of hardcore drunk drivers and offers solutions derived from research on how to improve the system.
Affiliation: Other http://www.trafficinjuryresearch.com/publications/PDF_publications/Prosecution_Report.pdf
Available online: click here

DWI System Improvements for Dealing with Hard Core Drinking Drivers
Robyn Robertson
Published 2002

These speaking notes for a news conference in Florida address systematic approaches to improving DWI prosecution, including penalties for refusal of chemical BAC testing.
Affiliation: Prosecution http://www.trafficinjuryresearch.com/projects/projectDetails.cfm?intProjectID=8
Available online: click here

Rating the States--An Assessment of the nation's Attention to the Problem of Drunk Driving and Underage Drinking
Mothers Against Drunk Driving
Published 2002

This report grades each state on its efforts to eliminate drunk driving, reduce alcohol related deaths and injuries, provide victim assistance, and prevent underage drinking and driving. In particular, the report considers state political leadership on DUI; BAC testing, data, and records; state law enforcement programs; administrative measures and criminal sanctions; underage drinking and driving control; victim issues; the criminal justice system; resource allocation; innovative state programs; and actual drunk driving injuries and fatalities.
Affiliation: Other http://www.madd.org/activism/0,1056,5545,00.html
Available online: click here

DWI System Improvements for Dealing with Hardcore Drunk Drivers: Adjudication and Sanctioning
Robyn D. Robertson and Herb M. Simpson
Published 2002

This report is the third in a series published by the Traffic Injury Research Foundation that addresses the ways the justice system can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of how it deals with hardcore drunk drivers. The report identifies key problems with the adjudication and sentencing of hardcore drunk drivers, including caseload, juries, and presentation of evidence, and offers solutions derived from research on how to improve the system.
Affiliation: Other http://www.trafficinjuryresearch.com/publications/PDF_publications/Sanctioning_Report.pdf
Available online: click here

Alcohol Ignition Interlocks: Magic Bullet or Poison Pill?
Gregory T. Neugebauer
Published 2002

This law review article examines some of the legal issues associated with alcohol ignition interlocks. The publication discusses the technology, examines interlock statutes and their interpretation, considers constitutional challenges to state interlock laws, and evaluates the consequences of requiring manufacturers to install interlock devices in all vehicles.
Affiliation: Other http://www.pitt.edu/~sorc/techjournal/articles/VolII,2Neubauer.pdf
Available online: click here

Judicial Education on Substance Abuse: Promoting and Expanding Judicial Awareness and Leadership
National Center for State Courts
Published 2002

This curriculum for judges is designed to disseminate knowledge and expertise about substance abuse so that judges can develop new systemic approaches for dealing with offenders with substance abuse problems. The curriculum includes a faculty guide and three substantive modules that cover the nature of addiction, pharmacology, principles of recovery, and courtroom tools and strategies. The curriculum includes PowerPoint Slides, faculty notes, and participant materials.
Affiliation: Judicial http://www.ncsconline.org/WC/Publications/Res_JudEdu_SubstanceAbuseHomePub.pdf
Available online: click here

Specialized and Problem-Solving Courts--Trends in 2002: DUI Courts
Ann L. Keith
Published 2002

This article from the National Center for State Courts describes eight DUI court programs around the country. Although some features of DUI courts are ubiquitous, such as the treatment requirement, an examination of multiple DUI courts gives judges an appreciation of the variety of approaches available to courts working with DUI offenders.
Affiliation: Judicial http://www.ncsconline.org/WC/Publications/KIS_SpePro_Trends02DUI_Pub.pdf
Available online: click here

A Study of Outstanding DWI Warrants
C. H. Wiliszowski, C. E. Rodriguez-Iglesias, J. H. Lacey, R. K. Jones and E. Cyr
Published 2001

This report for NHTSA presents findings regarding the handling of outstanding warrants for absconders and people who have defaulted after having been charged or convicted of offenses related to driving while impaired or intoxicated. The study attempted to estimate the extent of the problem of outstanding DWI (driving while intoxicated) warrants in various locations across the country.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/research/pub/Outstanding_Warrants/Warrants_index.html
Available online: click here

A Study of Outstanding DWI Warrants
C.H. Wiliszowski, C.E. Rodriguez-Iglesias, J.H. Lacey, R.K. Jones and E. Cyr
Published 2001

This report for NHTSA documents a project on how outstanding warrants are handled for individuals who have been charged or convicted of offenses related to driving while impaired/intoxicated, but who have absconded or defaulted in either court appearances or in fulfilling sanctions. The specific project objectives were to identify the nature and extent of the DWI outstanding warrant problem, including the situations which lead to the issuance of such warrants, and to identify promising strategies that jurisdictions are using to eliminate or minimize this problem in their communities. The main finding was that a widespread lack of resources and data systems able to assess the situation and identify problems make it difficult to quantify the numbers of outstanding warrants related to DWI offenses and devise solutions. The report provides the project's findings, conclusions and recommendations.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/research/pub/Outstanding_Warrants/Warrants_index.html
Available online: click here

Best Practices for Alcohol Interlock Programs
Douglas J. Beirness
Published 2001

This publication discusses best practices for ignition interlock programs, such as: viewing the interlock program as coordinated activities designed to ensure that participants do not drink and drive; an interlock device certified to meet or exceed established performance specifications; a reliable interlock service provider; mandatory participation; regular monitoring of offenders; linking duration of participation to an individuals success in the program; and, integration of the interlock program with other DWI sanctions and programs, particularly rehabilitation.
Affiliation: Other http://www.trafficinjuryresearch.com/publications/PDF_publications/BestPracticesReport.pdf
Available online: click here

DWI System Improvements for Dealing with Hardcore Drinking Drivers: Enforcement
Herb M. Simpson and Robyn D. Robertson
Published 2001

This is the first report in a series published by the Traffic Injury Research Foundation that addresses the ways the justice system can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of how it deals with hardcore drunk drivers. The report identifies specific problems in the enforcement of drunk driving laws, including cooperation of medical treatment staff, incomplete evidence, driver refusal to be tested and testimony of officers, and provides practical suggestions for handling these issues.
Affiliation: Other http://www.trafficinjuryresearch.com/publications/PDF_publications/EnforcementReport.pdf
Available online: click here

Alcohol Ignition Interlock Devices I: Position Paper
International Council on Alcohol, Drugs and Traffic Safety Working Group on Alcohol Ignition Interlocks
Published 2001

This report on ignition interlocks reviews key ignition interlock issues, recommends improvements for the effectiveness of interlock programs, and includes a bibliography of resources.
Affiliation: Other http://www.icadts.org/reports/AlcoholInterlockReport.pdf
Available online: click here

Traffic Court Technology
Institute of Continuing Judicial Education
Published 2001

This training program utilized a lecture and mock-trial format to demonstrate how technology applies in DUI cases. The program covered court technology, dealing with scientific and expert evidence, drug recognition testing, and drug and alcohol pharmacology. For more information, contact the Institute of Continuing Judicial Education, 123 Dean Rusk Hall, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, (706)542-5150.

A Model Driving While Intoxicated Divert Court
Mikah Mitchell
Published 2000

This paper proposes a model DUI diversion court for first time offenders with substance abuse problems based on Drug Court standards and practices. The model includes proposed eligibility standards, a comprehensive program for the DWI offender, graduation requirements, and a mentoring phase.
Affiliation: Judicial http://www.ncsconline.org/D_ICM/Research_Papers_2000/DWI%20Divert%20Court.pdf
Available online: click here

Pathfinder for Research of Alcohol Law in the United States
Colette LaFond, J.D.
Published 2000

This publication is a guide to researching governmental control over alcoholic beverages in the United States. The guide provides primary and secondary sources of law for researching a wide variety of state and federal alcohol issues.
Affiliation: Other http://www.epi.umn.edu/alcohol/pathfinder/pathfinder.html#Scope
Available online: click here

On DWI Laws in Other Countries
National Highway Transportation Safety Administration
Published 2000

This report for NHTSA compares impaired driving laws from countries around the world in order to better understand what countermeasures are most effective. The report focuses on the following types of laws: illegal blood alcohol content (BAC) levels for various classes of drivers; the minimum purchase age for alcohol; age of driving licensure; standard sanctions for first and multiple offenses;the imposition of more severe sanctions for drivers with higher BACs; graduated licensing systems; and systems for the regranting of licenses.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/research/pub/DWIothercountries/dwiothercountries.html
Available online: click here

Promising Practices and Strategies to Reduce Alcohol and Substance Abuse Among American Indians and Alaska Natives
Ada Pecos Melton
Published 2000

This publication reviews the promising efforts of Indian nations to reduce alcohol and substance abuse among their people. The three sections of this publication provide information on current programs, literature, and other resources. Section I, on current programs, describes the efforts of nine different tribal and non-tribal programs, including a detailed discussion of the Poarch Creek Indian Nation Drug Court Program, which includes DUI and other alcohol related offenses. This section also includes descriptions of the problem to be addressed, the program and strategies used, administrative support, results and outcomes, points for replication, and a contact person you may call for additional information.
Affiliation: Government http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/americannative/promise.pdf
Available online: click here

DUI/Drug Courts: Defining a National Strategy
National Drug Court Institute
Published 1999

According to this report, wide-scale implementation of courts offering a treatment-based approach to DUI cases could be the next important step in a challenging series of initiatives that have brought about remarkable reductions in both DUI arrests and alcohol-related traffic deaths in the last several decades. The report compares DUI and drug court practices, examines the mission of DUI and drug courts, recommends development of a national strategy for DUI and drug courts, and describes various DUI court programs around the country.
Affiliation: Other http://www.ndci.org/dui.pdf
Available online: click here

Current Model Laws
National Committe on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances
Published 1999

This web site includes two draft uniform laws relating to DUI: "The Safe Streets Act" and the "Millenium DUI Prevention Act." The Safe Streets Act covers impoundment and immobilization after DUI and certification of ignition interlock systems. The Millenium DUI Prevention Act addresses: mandatory sentencing, treatment, and ignition interlock; the admissibility of chemical test results and compelled chemical testing in cases with great bodily harm or fatalities; implied consent; administrative license suspension or revocation procedures; and "zero tolerance" for underage drinking and driving.
Affiliation: Other http://www.ncutlo.org/
Available online: click here

Evaluation of a Day Reporting Center for Repeat DWI Offenders
R.K. Jones and J.H. Lacey
Published 1999

This report for NHTSA describes and evaluates the effectiveness of a Day Reporting Center (DRC) in Maricopa County, Arizona at reducing the DWI recidivism of repeat DWI offenders. The report examines the effect of the DRC program in reducing the cost of post-conviction sanctioning operations, and in relieving the pressures on jail facilities in carrying out the court-imposed sanctions. This study found that the DRC program was no more effective in reducing recidivism than was a comparison standard probation program in use by the study jurisdiction, but the DRC program was more cost-effective and helped reduce pressure on an already over-taxed county jail system.
Affiliation: Government http://nasje.org/resources/HCDrunk/SUP5--NDCIDWI-DrugCourt.pdf
Available online: click here

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Ignition Interlock in California
Leonard Marowitz
Published 1999

This publication describes the current state of California law governing the use of ignition interlock devices as a countermeasure to DUI. The report considers whether changes in the statewide ignition interlock law since its enactment in 1990 will reduce DUI recidivism.
Affiliation: Government http://www.dmv.ca.gov/about/profile/rd/resnotes/evaluation.htm
Available online: click here

Evaluation of an Individualized Sanctioning Program for DWI Offenders
R.K. Jones and J.H. Lacey
Published 1998

This study for NHTSA evaluates two different approaches to sentencing DWI offenders in Georgia. One approach (called the "Todd Program") imposed individually-tailored combinations of traditional and alternative sanctions, and the other approach generally imposed only the minimum sanctions required by state law. The measure of effectiveness was the statewide DWI recidivism of the offenders studied. The evaluation found that the Todd Program was more effective by a wide margin than the sentencing program that imposed the minimum sanctions. It was concluded that the Todd Program approach to DWI sentencing could be used in other jurisdictions.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/enforce/EnforceDWI/Whole_assingment.htm
Available online: click here

Problems and Solutions in DWI Enforcement Systems
R.K. Jones, J.H. Lacey and C.H. Wiliszowski
Published 1998

This project was concerned with identifying common failures and failure modes in DWI enforcement systems and in generating promising ways of dealing with them. This report for NHTSA presents on-site case studies in Scottsdale, Arizona; Rockdale County, Georgia; and Palm Beach County, Florida, addressing issues of case management, DUI legislation, law enforcement techniques and sanctioning.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/enforce/EnforceDWI/pdf/1introduction.pdf
Available online: click here

Third Annual Nevada DUI Conference
The National Judicial College
Published 1998

This three-day conference addressed chemical testing, the detection and apprehension of drunk drivers, the role of administrative agencies in the DUI process, innovative interventions, national DUI trends, preventing DUI recidivism, assessment and treatment,the use of ignition interlock devices, and vehicle impoundment. The conference employed a variety of instructional methods and materials, include: case studies and hypotheticals, lectures, demonstrations, role plays and simulations, slide shows and PowerPoint presentations, and Video/DVD. For more information, click on the link below, or contact the National Judicial College, 1664 N. Virginia St., MS 358, Reno, NV 89557, (800) 255-8343.
Affiliation: Judicial http://www.judges.org/
Available online: click here

DUI Issues in Delaware
Administrative Office of the Courts
Published 1998

This two-day seminar covers DUI issues from local and national perspectives, discusses probable cause in DUI cases, demonstrates the Delaware DUI tracking system, considers different treatment options, and explains department of motor vehicle processes. For more information, contact the Administrative Office of the Courts, New Castle County Courthouse, 500 North King Street, Suite 11600, Wilmington, DE 19801-3734, (302) 255-0093.
Affiliation: Judicial

Driving While Intoxicated Tracking Systems Volume 2: State Tracking System Descriptions
National Highway Transportation Safety Administration
Published 1997

This volume compiles descriptions of seven states' respective driving while intoxicated (DWI) tracking systems. The descriptions include the state's judicial sanctions, administrative actions, system stakeholders, and a brief summary of its DWI tracking system and design development.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/research/dwiconviction/dwiconvictions.htm
Available online: click here

Evaluation of Alternative Programs for Repeat DWI Offenders
R.K. Jones, C.H. Wiliszowski and J.H. Lacey
Published 1996

This document reports the results of a study for NHTSA comparing the effectiveness of two alternative sanctions programs for repeat DWI offenders. They were an Intensive Supervision Probation program in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin and an Electric Monitoring Program in Los Angeles County, California. The study found that both programs were effective at significantly reducing DWI recidivism from the traditional sanctions programs. Both programs also offered the promise of significant cost savings over incarceration.
Affiliation: Government http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/research/pub/hs808493.pdf
Available online: click here

Initial Stop of Vehicle
Field Sobriety Testing
Arrest
Testing of Body Samples
Charging of Offense
Pre-Trial and Trial Matters
Sentencing
Courts and DUI
•	Judicial Outreach
•	Innovative Systematic Approaches
Impact of DUI

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